After a period of intense demonstrations culminating in protests and shutdowns in 2019, the final text of the new Magna Carta, written by 155 constituents with gender parity, was presented last July 4th, replacing a previous document in effect since the military dictatorship of Chile, which took place from 1973 to 1990.
Among the changes in the document are the recognition of the pre-existing peoples in the Chilean territory, thus recognizing the 10 ethnic groups present in Chile. Similar to Bolivia and Ecuador, with the changes, Chile will become a Plurinational State, thus recognizing the legal systems of the indigenous peoples, giving them political autonomy. The new constitution creates two Chambers (Congress of Deputies and Chamber of Regions), excluding the Senate.
For the General Director of Esmat and president of the Permanent College of Directors of State Schools of Magistracy (COPEDEM), Justice Marco Villas Boas, the changes visualized by Chile bring the Constitution closer to respecting native peoples, giving them autonomy and visibility that they have been denied throughout history. "The new Magna Carta gives dignity and respect to native peoples as well as establishes gender parity and guarantees the Rights of Nature, becoming a subject of Rights that ensures and guarantees the promotion of life," he said.
The new Constitution will be subject to popular approval through a plebiscite, scheduled to take place in September of this year.
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